Frank Lloyd Wright

Frank Lloyd Wright was one of the most important architecture of the twentieth century. He specialised in architect and interior. Wright work was always defined to the last detail even if it is something small. He designed more than a 1000 structure and completed 532 works. He use to continue with the interior and he combine the design with its surroundings and environment. This type of designing was called the Organic Design. He always kept with the geometric forms. Frank build a lot of different types of architect like schools, homes, offices, churches and more. The most famous architect is the Falling Water, it is called this way because it is build on a river. It was build in 1935 in rural southwestern Pennsylvania.

In his 72 year career he came up with a lot of different ideas and of his own. In every designer there is an inspiration somewhere, but Wright rarely had any influences on his designs, but most architects, historians and scholars agree he had five major influences. First was Louis Sullivan know as the father of skyscraper. Also another influence was the nature, Music, Japanese art. A strange influence was the froebel gifts they are just wooden blocks used as toys.

Frank believed that America should have its own architecture and that is not be influenced by European styles. He wanted his country to be different from others.

"Mostly of his designs requires the same style it depends on the position, but the homes mostly have horizontal lines on the exterior, a low hipped roof, long bands of windows, wide overhanging eaves and brick courses of wood bands. On the other hand for the interior it will be an open plan with a central fireplace. Ornamentation is often restricted to art glass windows that function as light blurring. "

Referencing for description of the materials - (Bernard Polster, Claudia Neumann, Markus Schuler  and Fredrick Leven, 2004. The AZ of Modern design

                                                          The FallingWater



For us that we live in the 21st century is something normally that we see a building build this way but in 1935 it was something out of his world. Not only this building amazed this people but a lot others that his designs are still used today for modern homes. This is the well known for Wright architecture, he designed it by using geometric shapes and basic uses. It is called this way because it sits on top a river. The outside not only the architecture but also the pattern and colours match the nature surroundings. The interior is a one piece with the outside it is basically the same shape and design.

Reference:Bernard Polster, Claudia Neumann, Markus Schuler  and Fredrick Leven, 2004. The AZ of Modern design

International Style Organic Design.

Organic Design means where architects build new buildings that connect with their surroundings, whether it is nature, cities, urban etc. Interiors were made to be similar to the exterior of the architecture. They used organic shapes, soft flowing forms, natural materials such as stone and wood. Whether with designers they produce their product with natural forms and materials.

Most two popular designers of the Organic Design are:

                              Frank Lloyd Wright 

 Charles Rennie Mackintosh.

Frank Lloyd Wright was one of the most important American architects of the twentieth century. One of his best architecture is the Falling Water house, build directly onto a river. It was build in 1935 in Southwestern Pennsylvania. This house has simple and geometric forms all over. The interior is an open space with a fireplace in the middle and furniture all over the area but mostly against the wall. It was the most modern house of that time even for today’s architecture it is still a very good example of architect.  Wright was not only an architect but also a product designer such as couch, chairs, tables, desks mostly every piece of furniture. The falling water house is filled with almost all his designs. As for all geometric and very sharp edges is the same way, as the De Stijl style would do in their designs.

The Interior of the Falling Water

Charles Rennie Mackintosh was a Scottish architect, designer and an artist.

Mackintosh produced quite a lot of products that their design is still popular and impressive nowadays. His products match to one another such as the Willow Chair that rests on a box instead of legs. Its broad, curved back has a pattern of rectangles

and parallel lines. This grid pattern is taken up again in the DS 322 table. The grid is a different shape and much bigger but it still have the connection of it.

                                                                                        Willow chair

Alvar Aalto did a huge success in the history of design. In 1924 he married the designer, Aino Mariso and for five years they conducted experiments together into the bending of wood. Having turned to laminated wood and plywood as his material of choice. Two of his best chairs are the No 41(Paimio) and the No 31 (cantilevered). These two chairs made a huge success in his life. He changed the look of wood from straight to curves, loops, flows and soft rounded edges.

No 31 Cantilevered                                                      No 41 Paimio

Charles and Ray Eames were a married couple that conducted a lot of products in the industry of design. Their first chair was the Lounge Chair made out all from Wood, they worked together with Eero Saarinen, and it was blown away by the viewers. This chair does not have sharp edges just curves and bended wood all over, the same as Aalto experimented with. It has a strange look for its legs the front are more longer whether of the back are lowered but it still has stability and comfort. The most known chair for this couple is the

Lounge chair and Ottoman almost perfect seating. It looks both offices and private homes. This armchair was a delicate process for the huge amount of bending in the wood especially the bottom part of the seat when it was done they stacked it up with foam and covered it with leather. This was the same process for the stool.

The International style was a great success and made a huge impact on architecture and design. It is the beginning of a new way of building things where one can combine the nature with the man made products.

Reference:

Bernard Polster, Claudia Neumann, Markus Schuler  and Fredrick Leven, 2004. The AZ of Modern design